Cross cultural perspectives research paper 1030 words. Increasing the sensitivity to the topic is a great start. Both constitute the basis for any act of conceptualization. In general, studies of the metaphorical use of language have looked at metaphor from two basic angles. This volume on cross cultural perspectives in literature and language provides an international forum for the exchange of ideas related to multiculturalism. A particularly important lesson to communicate to students is the value of the crosscultural perspective as both a research tool and a framework for achieving a greater understanding of the differences among people heine, 2012. On the production of metaphors and metonymies by jordanian efl learners. Recent research on metaphor and the teaching of italian. Crosscultural difficulties in learning metaphor in english in deignan et al. A comparative analysis of english a nd chinese idioms from the perspective of conceptual metaphor of. We have proposed five cultural viewpoint metaphors to help designers that wish to encourage and support crosscultural hci contacts. When it comes to training other cultures, it is a continuous learning and experience journey. In conclusion, working mechanism of a metaphor is a cognitive mechanism which is based on interaction between the five elements producer and receiver, source domain, target domain and context. We compare schooling to other forms of knowledge transmission from initiation and apprenticeship to recent innovations in online.
A study of metaphor and its application in language learning. The crosscultural study of metaphors with respect to a cognitive linguistic approach. Learning objectives develop cultural metaphor apply gannons metaphorical approach to explore work placement nativenational culture c10b. Ethnography of communication is a specific ethnographic approach to the analysis of situated communicative practices hymes, 1974. Whatever else it may be, such a perspective will rest on the belief that inter cultural contacts should not be governed by herdlike in stinct, that the shot of adrenalin should at least be delayed until after a look at the condition from someone elses point of view. Generalizations governing inference patterns, that is, cases where a pattern of inferences from one conceptual domain is used in another domain. Optimizing learning strategies improves language performance. Cultural viewpoint metaphors guiding the collaborative. In contemporary metaphor theory cmt, research has predominantly focused on the english language with few studies of others and even less comparative work. Cross cultural perspectives human cognitive processing 9789027223760. The use of chess and go models an alternative method of reaching students with different learning and problem solving styles. Crosscultural training cannot be learned reading an article or book or doing it once. The goal of crosscultural psychologists is to look at both universal behaviors and unique behaviors to identify the ways in which culture impacts our behavior, family life, education, social experiences, and other areas. This volume focuses on the discourse domain of learning formal, technical and informal aspects and brings together a variety of language perspectives, some specifically comparative, on aspects of learning from historical transformations in metaphoric language use through contemporary social values and classroom discourse to planning for the future in educational policy to see how conceptual metaphoric patterns and conventional metaphors with related figurative language impact on social.
Metaphor, working mechanism, language learning and teaching 1. This article consists of eight miniarticles, which describe how each author or authors employ cultural metaphors andor crosscultural paradoxes in their classrooms see also the article cultural metaphors and crosscultural paradoxes in unit 7. Berendt in contemporary metaphor theory cmt, research has predominantly focused on the english language with few studies of others and even less systematic comparative work. Applied linguistics perspectives on crosscultural variation in conceptual metaphor. In other words, a strong argument depends on the empirical evidence that can be brought to bear in support of ones. Belief conflicts have been reported in several crosscultural studies on educational metaphors. Microscale perspectives on cognition, translation and crosscultural communication intercultural studies and foreign language learning 9781787072572. Whatever else it may be, such a perspective will rest on the belief that intercultural contacts should not be governed by herdlike in stinct, that the shot of adrenalin should at least be delayed until after a look at the condition from someone elses point of view. Language learning strategies are the specific steps students take to improve their progress in learning a second or foreign language. It also shows innovative ways to assess students strategy use and useful techniques for helping students improve their choice of strategies, with the goal of peak language learning. To that end, wharton students are required to take three courses that have substantial crosscultural content.
Cognitive theory of metaphor, cultural variation, crosscultural. The rules that make up the cultural metaphor are either written or unwritten rules that people of a particular culture follow. One must then trace out the ways in which these mappings constrain the conceptual inferences we make. Given todays global business environment, a crosscultural perspective is an essential part of a students undergraduate education.
This comparative research study takes a look at cross cultural perspectives of learning and begins with clarifying the meaning of learning as voiced by international students using their own words, metaphors and images. A comparative study of metaphor in english and slovene popular economic discourse. By the same token, a number of metaphors analysed in this paper have lost their metaphorical charge and many would not be considered metaphors at all. We can envisage roughly three types of crosscultural variation in metaphor usage. Pdf the focus in this paper is on the kind of metaphors that is pervasive. Marketsanddemocracy,workinghandinhand,wouldtransformtheworldinto. For instance, rules that govern american football may differ from its european counterpart. We will discuss how theories of learning can be applied to a variety of handson, inclass learning activities. Using cultural metaphors to understand management in the. Their use in management practice as a method for understanding cultures abstract this paper argues that the dimensional perspective on culture, arguably the most important development in crosscultural understanding in 50 years, needs to be supplemented by indepth treatments of national cultures. I will adopt the contemporary usage throughout this chapter. A metaanalysis indicates that across a number of very different cultures higher quality learning strategies, at both school and university level, are associated with higher student selfesteem and an internal locus of control.
Using metaphors to explore cultural perspectives in cross. Crosscultural perspectives human cognitive processing erich a. The study of metaphor use in esap l2 writing utkina. Metaphor and education chapter 12 the cambridge handbook. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Paper presented at the 5th international conference on crosscultural communication, harbin, china. Chuas 2003 influential new book is clear support for this point of view see. The focus of crosscultural psychology verywell mind. Situated learning and ethnography of communication are especially useful for recovering the emic knowledge still underexploited in ccm learning. Cultural viewpoint metaphors guiding the collaborative strategies design of a multitouch tabletop game for people with autism greis f. Generalizations governing polysemy, that is, the use of words with a number of related meanings. Understanding cultural metaphors sage publications inc.
In this paper we present the main results of an experiment carried out to assess the potential of these metaphors in designing cross cultural systems. Crosscultural understanding of metaphors in interface design vanessa evers institute of educational technology, the open university walton hall, milton keynes, mk7 6aa, uk this paper describes a study that will investigate the use of metaphors in interface design for culturally diverse users. Applied linguistics perspectives on crosscultural variation in. From linguistic form to conceptual structure in five steps.
Instead of using ethical means to developing a global brand, nike used child labor and every possible cheap way to increase its profits. Cross cultural and cross linguistic perspectives, volume current research in the semanticspragmatics interface 9780080438702. Wehavetakenthisapproachinthisbookfornations,the basecultureanditsevolutionacrossnationalborders, andevenfortwocontinents. Students metaphors for college transitional reading and writing. The task was approached through analyzing metaphors in the english written texts produced by russian students with different competence in economics the nonprofessional and professional. Crosscultural metaphor awareness as a key component in. Gannon, 2002 rules, ideologies, knowledge and rituals are several cultural concepts that make up the cultural metaphor. The paper speaks in favour of adding a cross cultural perspective to the study of metaphor in discourse. A crosscultural survey of the perception of translatability among americans and japanese. This book presents new information about cultural influences on the use of language learning strategies.
Their use in management practice as a method for understanding cultures abstract this paper argues that the dimensional perspective on culture, arguably the most important development in cross cultural understanding in 50 years, needs to be supplemented by indepth treatments of national cultures. Pdf crosscultural communication and metaphorical competence. Understanding cultural metaphors after the fall of the berlin wall a common political and economic consensus emerged, not only in the west but to a considerable extent around the world. Get a 100% unique essay on cross cultural perspectives. Pdf this article examines the aspects of similarity and diversity between different cultures through the. In other words, a strong argument depends on the empirical evidence that can be brought to. British council 2009 india and china elt today seminar, 21 may 2009, london. The metaphors express five distinct perspectives on traveling through a cross cultural territory, and can be plotted upon a continuum of cultural approximation established with reference to a presumed users own native culture. Using cultural metaphors to understand management in the caribbean akhentoolove corbin, betty jane punnett and nyzinga onifa university of the west indies, barbados for several years, inspired by martin gannons concept of using metaphors to describe cultures. Learning new things with every training event or rollout will continue to enhance understanding.
Metaphor volume 32 issue 2 lynne cameron, graham low. The following policies apply to crosscultural perspectives courses. The aim of this study is to discover basic principles underlying linguistic figurativeness and to develop a theory that is capable of capturing conventional figurative language referred to as cflt, i. A particularly important lesson to communicate to students is the value of the cross cultural perspective as both a research tool and a framework for achieving a greater understanding of the differences among people heine, 2012. After the fall of the berlin wall a common political and economic consensus emerged, not only in the west but to a considerable extent around the world. Understanding of these metaphors is likely to be influenced by the users cultural background. In contemporary metaphor theory cmt research has predominantly focused on the english language with few studies of others and even less systematic comparative work. Cross cultural perspectives human cognitive processing erich a.
Many crosscultural psychologists choose to focus on one of two approaches. Crosscultural perspectives university of phoenix eth316 crosscultural perspectives the mission of the international organization of migration iom is commitment to the principle that humane and orderly migration benefits migrates and the society in which they choose to live international organization for migration, n. From an intercultural perspective i think that the cognitive theory of metaphor, which. Using metaphors to explore cultural perspectives in crosscultural. A comparative analysis of english and chinese idioms from the perspective of conceptual metaphor of. Markets and democracy, working hand in hand, would transform the world into a community of modernized, peaceloving nations. This position will be elaborated and supported in ch. A crosscultural comparison of university students perspectives jeanne hoffman tamkang university taiwan university of the sunshine coast australia abstract this study is an investigation into the preferred images of the environment in 2060 held by a crosscultural cohort of undergraduate students at tamkang university, taiwan. Four cornerstones of successful crosscultural training. Introduction a study of metaphor is an infant branch of linguistic study and has held tremendous allure to scholars ever since the ancient times. Crosscultural perspectives in literature and language. This volume focuses on the discourse domain of learning formal, technical and informal aspects and brings together a variety of language perspectives, some specifically comparative, on aspects of learning from historical transformations in metaphoric language use through contemporary social values and classroom discourse to planning for the. Cross cultural training cannot be learned reading an article or book or doing it once.
Integrating social factors into crosscultural medical education. This comparative research study takes a look at crosscultural perspectives of learning and begins with clarifying the meaning of learning as voiced by international students using their own words, metaphors and images. Metaphors are used in interface design to describe abstract objects in a more familiar way. For example,crosscultural psychology is concerned not only with diversity,but also. For all its characteristics, i just want to single out among them three to dwell on. From a crosscultural perspective the question is as follows. In this paper we present the main results of an experiment carried out to assess the potential of. Second language teachinglearning and intercultural. A study of metaphor and its application in language. How can language teaching as a verbal component satisfy the demands of communication.
Crosslinguistic and crosscultural perspectives on academic discourse. Limited attention is given in this set of definitions to some other interests. This volume focuses on the discourse domain of learning formal, technical and informal aspects and brings together a variety of language perspectives. We have proposed five cultural viewpoint metaphors to help designers that wish to encourage and support cross cultural hci contacts. Journal of psycholinguistic research, 32 4, 381 395. In contemporary metaphor theory cmt, research has predominantly focused on the english language with few studies of others and even less comparative. Stanford libraries official online search tool for books, media, journals, databases, government documents and more. The key to taking a crosscultural perspective is having a framework that can help you begin to appreciate the other persons point of view.
The study of conceptual metaphors in esap l2 writing. On the production of metaphors and metonymies by jordanian. We compare schooling to other forms of knowledge transmission from initiation and apprenticeship to recent innovations in. This volume focuses on the discourse domain of learning formal, technical and informal aspects and brings together a variety of language perspectives, some specifically comparative, on aspects. An educational activity promoting crosscultural awareness. This groundbreaking book presents new information about cultural influences on the use of language learning strategies. Cortazzi and jins 1999 work is particularly interesting because it explores how uk primary teachers metaphors of a good teacher is could contrast with metaphors elicited from postgraduate or undergraduate students from england, china. Louise rasmussen and winston sieck of global cognition studied how people make sense of the thoughts and decisions of others with different cultural backgrounds. Cultural metaphors can be used to profile ethnic groups, nations, clusters of nations, andevencontinents. Applied linguistics perspectives on cross cultural variation in conceptual metaphor. The study of emotion concepts was given scant attention in research in the past. First, a pilot study will be carried out to test the methods to be used and to find a focus for the main.
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